游戏窗口双缓冲模板，可直接使用

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#include <windows.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#include "StdAfx.h"

HINSTANCE hInst;
HWND hWnd;
DWORD tPre, tNow;
int TOP, RIGHT, WIDTH = 1000, HEIGHT = 571;
int MX, MY; // 鼠标位置

HDC hdc, mdc, bufdc;
PAINTSTRUCT ps;
RECT rect;
HBITMAP fullmap, hBgBmp;

ATOM                MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance);
BOOL                InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int);
LRESULT CALLBACK    WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
void                MyPaint(HDC hdc);

//***WinMain函数，程序入口点函数**************************************
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{
    MSG msg;
    MyRegisterClass(hInstance);
    //初始化
    if (!InitInstance (hInstance, nCmdShow))
        return FALSE;

    //消息循环
    GetMessage(&msg, NULL, NULL, NULL); //初始化msg
    while( msg.message != WM_QUIT )
    {
        if( PeekMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0 , PM_REMOVE) )
        {
            TranslateMessage( &msg );
            DispatchMessage( &msg );
        }
        else
        {
            tNow = GetTickCount();
            if(tNow - tPre >= 40)
                MyPaint(hdc);
        }
    }

    return msg.wParam;
}

//****设计一个窗口类，类似填空题，使用窗口结构体*************************
ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance)
{
    WNDCLASSEX wcex;

    wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
    wcex.style          = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
    wcex.lpfnWndProc    = (WNDPROC)WndProc;
    wcex.cbClsExtra     = 0;
    wcex.cbWndExtra     = 0;
    wcex.hInstance      = hInstance;
    wcex.hIcon          = NULL;
    wcex.hCursor        = NULL;
    wcex.hCursor        = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
    wcex.hbrBackground  = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW + 1);
    wcex.lpszMenuName   = NULL;
    wcex.lpszClassName  = "canvas";
    wcex.hIconSm        = NULL;

    return RegisterClassEx(&wcex);
}

//****初始化函数*************************************
// 加载位图并设定各对象的初始值
BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow)
{
    hInst = hInstance;
    hWnd = CreateWindow("canvas", "演示" , WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, WIDTH, HEIGHT, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);

    if (!hWnd)
        return FALSE;

    // MoveWindow(hWnd, 10, 10, WIDTH, HEIGHT, true);
    ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);
    UpdateWindow(hWnd);

    hdc = GetDC(hWnd);
    mdc = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);
    bufdc = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);
    fullmap = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdc, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
    SelectObject(mdc, fullmap);
    
    /* ... 初始化各值 ... */

    MyPaint(hdc);

    return TRUE;
}

void MyPaint(HDC hdc)
{
	/* ... 画图操作，可以生成动画 ... */
    
    tPre = GetTickCount();
}

//****消息处理函数***********************************
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
	int i, j;
    switch (message)
    {
    case WM_PAINT :
        hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);
        GetClientRect(hWnd, &rect);
        MyPaint(hdc);
        EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);
        break;
    case WM_MOUSEMOVE :
        MX = LOWORD(lParam) - roleFlyBmp[action][actionFrame].bmWidth / 2;
        MY = HIWORD(lParam) - roleFlyBmp[action][actionFrame].bmHeight / 2;
        break;
    case WM_LBUTTONDOWN :
        break;
    case WM_KEYDOWN :
        switch (wParam)
        {
        case VK_UP :
        break;
        }
        break;
    case WM_CHAR :
        switch (wParam)
        {
        case ' ' :
        break;
        }
        break;
    case WM_DESTROY:                    //窗口结束消息，撤销各种DC
        DeleteDC(mdc);
        DeleteDC(bufdc);
        DeleteObject(fullmap);
        ReleaseDC(hWnd, hdc);
        PostQuitMessage(0);
        break;
    default:                            //其他消息
        return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
    }
    return 0;
}

游戏模板

参照上面的双缓冲模板。

之前做的一个作业样例。

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#include <windows.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "StdAfx.h"
#include "testOutput.h"
//using namespace std;

#define LIMIT_RECT 1      // 矩形限制区域
#define LIMIT_CIRC 2      // 圆形限制区域

#define ACTION_STARTFLY 0 // 开始飞行
#define ACTION_FLY 1      // 向右飞
#define ACTION_FLY2 2     // 向左飞
#define ACTION_ATTACK 3   // 向右攻击
#define ACTION_ATTACK2 4  // 向左攻击

HINSTANCE hInst;
HWND hWnd;
DWORD tPre, tNow;
int TOP, RIGHT, WIDTH = 1000, HEIGHT = 571;
int OX = 370, OY = 180, MX, MY; // 实例位置
int SX = 10, SY = 10;           // 每步移动的距离
int EX = 0, EY = 0;             // 目标位置

HDC hdc, mdc, bufdc;
PAINTSTRUCT ps;
RECT rect;
HBITMAP fullmap, hBgBmp, hRoleBmp[10][100], _hRoleBmp[10][100];
BITMAP bgBmp, roleFlyBmp[10][100], _roleFlyBmp[10][100];
int action = ACTION_STARTFLY /*0 normal, 1 2 fly*/, actionFrame = 0, actionFrameContrler = 0;

int limitsMap[][5] =
{
    { 0, 0, 1000, 55, LIMIT_RECT },
    { 258, 0, 850, 55, LIMIT_RECT },
    { 342, 0, 500, 70, LIMIT_RECT },
    { 0, 225, 170, 50, LIMIT_RECT },
    { 0, 275, 54, 72, LIMIT_RECT },
    { 0, 455, 72, 119, LIMIT_RECT },
    { 310, 360, 324, 80, LIMIT_RECT },
    { 404, 300, 200, 237, LIMIT_RECT },
    { 504, 468, 522, 115, LIMIT_RECT },
    { 0, 0, 43, 306, LIMIT_RECT },
    { 940, 0, 42, 187, LIMIT_RECT }
}, limitsMapNum = 11;

ATOM                MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance);
BOOL                InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int);
LRESULT CALLBACK    WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
void                MyPaint(HDC hdc);

//***WinMain函数，程序入口点函数**************************************
int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{
    MSG msg;
    MyRegisterClass(hInstance);
    //初始化
    if (!InitInstance (hInstance, nCmdShow))
        return FALSE;

    //消息循环
    GetMessage(&msg, NULL, NULL, NULL); //初始化msg
    while( msg.message != WM_QUIT )
    {
        if( PeekMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0 , PM_REMOVE) )
        {
            TranslateMessage( &msg );
            DispatchMessage( &msg );
        }
        else
        {
            tNow = GetTickCount();
            if(tNow - tPre >= 40)
                MyPaint(hdc);
        }
    }

    return msg.wParam;
}

int max(int a, int b) {
    return a > b ? a : b;
}

//****设计一个窗口类，类似填空题，使用窗口结构体*************************
ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance)
{
    WNDCLASSEX wcex;

    wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
    wcex.style          = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
    wcex.lpfnWndProc    = (WNDPROC)WndProc;
    wcex.cbClsExtra     = 0;
    wcex.cbWndExtra     = 0;
    wcex.hInstance      = hInstance;
    wcex.hIcon          = NULL;
    wcex.hCursor        = NULL;
    wcex.hCursor        = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
    wcex.hbrBackground  = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW + 1);
    wcex.lpszMenuName   = NULL;
    wcex.lpszClassName  = "canvas";
    wcex.hIconSm        = NULL;

    return RegisterClassEx(&wcex);
}

//****初始化函数*************************************
// 加载位图并设定各对象的初始值
BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow)
{
    hInst = hInstance;
    hWnd = CreateWindow("canvas", "动画演示" , WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, WIDTH, HEIGHT, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);

    if (!hWnd)
        return FALSE;

    // MoveWindow(hWnd, 10, 10, WIDTH, HEIGHT, true);
    ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);
    UpdateWindow(hWnd);

    hdc = GetDC(hWnd);
    mdc = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);
    bufdc = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);
    fullmap = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdc, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
    SelectObject(mdc, fullmap);

    hBgBmp = (HBITMAP)LoadImage(NULL, "bg.bmp", IMAGE_BITMAP, 0, 0, LR_LOADFROMFILE);
    GetObject(hBgBmp, sizeof(BITMAP), &bgBmp);

    int i, j;
    char actionName[10][20] = { "startfly", "fly", "fly2", "attack", "attack2" };
    for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)
    {
        char fullName[100];
        for (j = 0; j < 5; j++)
        {
            sprintf(fullName, "%s%d.bmp", actionName[i], j);
            hRoleBmp[i][j] = (HBITMAP)LoadImage(NULL, fullName, IMAGE_BITMAP, 0, 0, LR_LOADFROMFILE);
            sprintf(fullName, "_%s%d.bmp", actionName[i], j);
            _hRoleBmp[i][j] = (HBITMAP)LoadImage(NULL, fullName, IMAGE_BITMAP, 0, 0, LR_LOADFROMFILE);
            GetObject(hRoleBmp[i][j], sizeof(BITMAP), &roleFlyBmp[i][j]);
        }
    }

    MyPaint(hdc);

    return TRUE;
}

void limitXY(int nOX, int nOY)
{
    int lix, liy, liw, lih;
    for (int i = 0; i < limitsMapNum; i++)
    {
        lix = limitsMap[i][0];
        liy = limitsMap[i][1];
        liw = limitsMap[i][2];
        lih = limitsMap[i][3];


        // 画限制区域和人物的范围，调试用
        /*HBRUSH hb;
        hb = (HBRUSH) CreateSolidBrush(RGB(0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF));
        SelectObject(hdc, hb);
        Rectangle(hdc, lix, liy, lix + liw, liy + lih);
        Ellipse(hdc, OX, OY, OX + roleFlyBmp[action][actionFrame].bmWidth, OY + roleFlyBmp[action][actionFrame].bmHeight);
        DeleteObject(hb);*/

        if (OX > lix + liw || OX + roleFlyBmp[action][actionFrame].bmWidth < lix
                || OY > liy + lih || OY + roleFlyBmp[action][actionFrame].bmHeight < liy
                || (OX - lix - liw / 2) * (OX - lix - liw / 2) + (OY - liy - lih / 2) * (OY - liy - lih / 2) > (max(liw , lih) * max(liw , lih)) >> 1) ; // 边角处理
        else
        {
            if (OX > lix + liw || OX + roleFlyBmp[action][actionFrame].bmWidth < lix) ;
            else
                OX = nOX;
            if (OY > liy + lih || OY + roleFlyBmp[action][actionFrame].bmHeight < liy) ;
            else
                OY = nOY;
            if (OX == nOX && OY == nOY)
                break;
        }
    }
}

void MyPaint(HDC hdc)
{
    // 运动
    int nOX = OX, nOY = OY;

    if (EX || EY)
    {
        int fflag = 0;
        if (abs(EX - OX) > SX)
        {
            fflag = 1;
            if (EX > OX) OX += SX;
            else OX -= SX;
        }
        if (abs(EY - OY) > SY)
        {
            fflag = 1;
            if (EY > OY) OY += SY;
            else OY -= SY;
        }
        if (!fflag)
            EX = EY = 0;
    }

    limitXY(nOX, nOY);

    // 画背景

    SelectObject(bufdc, hBgBmp);
    BitBlt(mdc, rect.left, rect.top, rect.right - rect.left, rect.bottom - rect.top, bufdc, 0, 0, SRCCOPY); // 画背景

    SelectObject(bufdc, _hRoleBmp[action][actionFrame]);
    BitBlt(mdc, OX, OY, roleFlyBmp[action][actionFrame].bmWidth, roleFlyBmp[action][actionFrame].bmHeight, bufdc, 0, 0, SRCAND); // 画人物
    SelectObject(bufdc, hRoleBmp[action][actionFrame]);
    BitBlt(mdc, OX, OY, roleFlyBmp[action][actionFrame].bmWidth, roleFlyBmp[action][actionFrame].bmHeight, bufdc, 0, 0, SRCPAINT); // 画人物

    BitBlt(hdc, 0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT, mdc, 0, 0, SRCCOPY);



    // 动画

    switch (action)
    {
    case ACTION_STARTFLY:
        if (!EX && !EY && OX==370 && OY==180) return ;
        if (actionFrameContrler >= 4)
        {
            actionFrameContrler = 0;
            action = 1;
        }
        actionFrame = actionFrameContrler;
        break;
    case ACTION_FLY:
    case ACTION_FLY2:
        if (actionFrameContrler >= 8) actionFrameContrler = 0;
        actionFrame = actionFrameContrler / 2;
        break;
    case ACTION_ATTACK:
    case ACTION_ATTACK2:
        if (actionFrameContrler >= 15)
        {
            actionFrameContrler = 0;
            action -= (ACTION_ATTACK - ACTION_FLY);
        }
        actionFrame = actionFrameContrler / 3;
        break;
    }
    actionFrameContrler++;

    tPre = GetTickCount();
}

//****消息处理函数***********************************
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
	int i, j;
    switch (message)
    {
    case WM_PAINT :
        hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);
        GetClientRect(hWnd, &rect);
        MyPaint(hdc);
        EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);
        break;
    case WM_MOUSEMOVE :
        MX = LOWORD(lParam) - roleFlyBmp[action][actionFrame].bmWidth / 2;
        MY = HIWORD(lParam) - roleFlyBmp[action][actionFrame].bmHeight / 2;
        break;
    case WM_LBUTTONDOWN :
        EX = MX;
        EY = MY;
        if (EX < OX) action = ACTION_FLY2;
        else if (action != ACTION_STARTFLY) action = ACTION_FLY;
        break;
    case WM_KEYDOWN :
        switch (wParam)
        {
        case VK_UP :
            OY -= 20;
            limitXY(OX, OY + 20);
            break;
        case VK_DOWN :
            OY += 20;
            limitXY(OX, OY - 20);
            break;
        case VK_LEFT :
            OX -= 20;
            limitXY(OX + 20, OY);
            action = 2;
            break;
        case VK_RIGHT :
            OX += 20;
            limitXY(OX - 20, OY);
            action = 1;
            break;
        }
        break;
    case WM_CHAR :
        switch (wParam)
        {
        case 'w' :
            OY -= 20;
            limitXY(OX, OY + 20);
            break;
        case 's' :
            OY += 20;
            limitXY(OX, OY - 20);
            break;
        case 'a' :
            OX -= 20;
            limitXY(OX + 20, OY);
            action = 2;
            break;
        case 'd' :
            OX += 20;
            limitXY(OX - 20, OY);
            action = 1;
            break;
        case ' ' :
            if (action != 3 && action != 4)
            {
                if (action == 1 || action == 2)
                    action += 2;
                else action = 3;
                actionFrameContrler = 0;
                break;
            }

        }
        break;
    case WM_DESTROY:                    //窗口结束消息，撤销各种DC
        DeleteDC(mdc);
        DeleteDC(bufdc);
        DeleteObject(fullmap);
        for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)
            for (j = 0; j < 5; j++)
            {
                DeleteObject(hRoleBmp[i][j]);
                DeleteObject(_hRoleBmp[i][j]);
            }
        ReleaseDC(hWnd, hdc);
        PostQuitMessage(0);
        break;
    default:                            //其他消息
        return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
    }
    return 0;
}