窗口最底层：

浮在图标上面，但是Win+D会最小化窗口

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setAttribute(Qt::WA_TranslucentBackground, true); // 按需加上
setWindowFlags(Qt::FramelessWindowHint            //去边框
             | Qt::X11BypassWindowManagerHint     //linux下脱离任务管理器
             | Qt::WindowStaysOnBottomHint        //最低层显示
             | Qt::Tool                           //不在任务栏显示
              );

嵌入桌面：

浮在图标上面，Win+D不会隐藏窗口

.h

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static BOOL enumUserWindowsCB(HWNDhwnd,LPARAMlParam);   //静态全局函数
HWND findDesktopIconWnd();

.cpp

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BOOL Test::enumUserWindowsCB(HWND hwnd,LPARAM lParam)
{
    long wflags = GetWindowLong(hwnd, GWL_STYLE);
    if(!(wflags & WS_VISIBLE)) return TRUE;

    HWND sndWnd;
    if( !(sndWnd=FindWindowEx(hwnd, NULL, L"SHELLDLL_DefView", NULL)) ) return TRUE;
    HWND targetWnd;
    if( !(targetWnd=FindWindowEx(sndWnd, NULL, L"SysListView32", L"FolderView")) ) return TRUE;

    HWND* resultHwnd = (HWND*)lParam;
    *resultHwnd = targetWnd;
    return FALSE;
}

HWND Test::findDesktopIconWnd()
{
    HWND resultHwnd = NULL;
    EnumWindows((WNDENUMPROC)enumUserWindowsCB, (LPARAM)&resultHwnd);
    return resultHwnd;
}

main

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HWND desktopHwnd = findDesktopIconWnd();
if(desktopHwnd)
	SetParent((HWND)widget->winId(), desktopHwnd);

桌面壁纸

finddesktop.h

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#include <qt_windows.h>
/*因为msvc编译器的缘故，要链接以下库文件*/
#pragma comment(lib,"winmm.lib")
#pragma comment(lib,"User32.lib")
#pragma comment(lib,"gdi32.lib")
/*分割*/
HWND findDesktopIconWnd();//找到桌面句柄
void SendMessageToDesktop();//召唤WorkerW
HWND GetWorkerW();//得到WorkerW

finddesktop.cpp

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#include"finddesktop.h"
HWND WorkerW=NULL;

HWND findDesktopIconWnd()
{
    HWND hWorkerW = NULL;//WorkerW的句柄
    HWND hDefView = NULL;//SHELLDLL_DefView的句柄

    //找到WorkerW类的窗口
    hWorkerW = FindWindowEx(NULL, NULL, L"WorkerW", NULL);
    //通过遍历找到包含SHELLDLL_DefView的WorkerW
    while ((!hDefView) && hWorkerW)
    {
        hDefView = FindWindowEx(hWorkerW, NULL, L"SHELLDLL_DefView", NULL);
        WorkerW=hWorkerW;//得到WorkerW
        hWorkerW = FindWindowEx(NULL, hWorkerW, L"WorkerW", NULL);
    }
    //隐藏窗口，不让mainwindow被挡住
    ShowWindow(hWorkerW,0);
    return FindWindow(L"Progman",NULL);
}
void SendMessageToDesktop()
{
     PDWORD_PTR result = NULL;
     //发送消息，召唤WorkerW
     //参考：https://www.codeproject.com/articles/856020/draw-behind-desktop-icons-in-windows
     SendMessageTimeout(FindWindow(L"Progman",NULL), 0x52c, 0, 0, SMTO_NORMAL, 1000, result);
}

HWND GetWorkerW()
{
    findDesktopIconWnd();
    return WorkerW;//得到WorkerW
}

main.cpp

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MainWindow w;
SendMessageToDesktop();//发送消息
HWND desktopWnd = findDesktopIconWnd();//获取桌面句柄
if (desktopWnd)
    SetParent((HWND)w.winId(), desktopWnd); // 设置为桌面壁纸级